What types of losses are generally excluded from standard property insurance policies?

Standard property insurance policies typically exclude certain types of losses that are considered to be higher risk or not insurable under typical conditions. Losses such as flood and earthquake are commonly excluded due to the nature of these events being catastrophic and unpredictable, which makes them difficult for insurers to manage effectively.

Additionally, damage resulting from neglect or wear and tear is excluded because these issues are not sudden or accidental; rather, they develop over time due to a lack of proper maintenance. Insurers expect property owners to maintain their properties and address regular upkeep, and therefore will not cover losses resulting from these failures.

The other options generally reference types of losses that might be covered by standard policies. Fire damage and theft are usually included as covered perils, personal injury claims are typically addressed under liability insurance rather than property insurance, and vandalism and civil commotion may also be covered in most policies, as they are more sudden and less predictable than the catastrophic events mentioned.